Disclosed

Foo fighters

Date
Nov 1944
Place
Rhine valley and Alsace-Lorraine front, Germany and France (415th Night Fighter Squadron); also the Pacific theatre
Record
Curated case
Assessment
Contested
Evidence strength
467 case pages by decade; this one falls in 1940s with 30 othersAll cases

What was reported

From November 1944, crews of the US 415th Night Fighter Squadron reported glowing balls of light pacing their Beaufighters at night over the Rhine; similar reports came from bomber crews in Europe and the Pacific. The reports were recorded in mission debriefs and passed up through SHAEF, whose Air Staff files (released through PURSUE) list the encounters sortie by sortie from mid-December 1944 to late January 1945. The British Air Ministry offered flak rockets or Me-262 jets as a tentative explanation, and SHAEF judged the evidence 'sketchy and varied'. No radar, film or photograph tied to the night lights survives; one file includes an unrelated photograph of a cylindrical object taken by a reconnaissance pilot in March 1945.

What officials concluded

Tentative explanation

SHAEF and the Air Ministry: possibly flak rockets or jet aircraft; evidence too sketchy for a conclusion

Strongest ordinary reading

Several phenomena under one name: flares, tracer and flak bursts, reflections, St. Elmo's fire, enemy jets and fatigue-related misperception

Evidence profile

Sensors1 of 9
  • Yes: Visual
  • No: Infrared
  • No: Radar
  • No: Video
  • No: Photo
  • No: Film
  • No: Audio
  • No: Night vision
  • No: Other sensor
Witnessescount not stated
  • No: Civilian
  • Yes: Military aircrew
  • No: Military ground
  • No: Airline crew
  • No: Sensor operator
  • No: Law enforcement
  • No: Scientist
  • No: Astronaut
  • No: Intelligence official
  • No: Other
ShapeOrb or sphere
  • No: Light only
  • Yes: Orb or sphere
  • No: Disc
  • No: Triangle
  • No: Cylinder
  • No: Cube
  • No: Other shape
Effectsnone reported
  • No: Physiological
  • No: Physical trace
  • No: Electromagnetic
  • No: Sound
  • No: Silent

Pentagon files

1
  • Document331_120752_Numeric_Files_1944-1945_37153_German_Armament_Equipment_DocumentsRelease 1

    331_120752_Numeric_Files_1944, 1945_37153_German_Armament_Equipment_Documents

    SHAEF Air Staff messages and memoranda, January-March 1945, concerning WWII 'night phenomena' ('foo fighters') reported by the 415th Night Fighter Squadron over the German/French front, and a separate 1 March 1945 sighting of a long cylindrical object photographed by a 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Group pilot. Includes a detailed 30 January 1945 report listing sortie-by-sortie foo-fighter encounters from mid-December 1944 through late January 1945. The Air Ministry's tentative explanation was flak rockets or ME-262 jets; SHAEF found the evidence 'sketchy and varied' with no satisfactory conclusion possible.

    Open the original on war.gov

Videos that discuss it

1

Claims and verdicts

1

Outside sources

On the map

49.32° N, 8.43° E, plotted at the centre of the region named in the record

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